Geometry and signal properties of multiple azimuth angle spaceborne SAR

The multiple azimuth angle spaceborne (MAAS) SAR can observe the region-of-interest (ROI) with different azimuth angles during single pass, which can significantly increase the flexibility of SAR observation and obtain more information of ROI. However, the imaging geometry and signal properties vary complexly with azimuth angles during single pass. Thus, in this paper, the geometry and signal properties are studied for the MAAS SAR. Firstly, the MAAS SAR is introduced and the imaging geometry is built. Then the geometry properties are analysed by simulations. Finally , the signal properties , including the range cell migration (RCM), azimuth resolution, two-dimensional (2-D) spectrum, and 2-D impulse response function (IRF), are studied both by theoretical analysis and simulations. All of the results and conclusions can be helpful for the system design, imaging algorithm development and application of MAAS SAR.