Propagating Uncertainty Across Cascaded Medical Imaging Tasks for Improved Deep Learning Inference | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore

Propagating Uncertainty Across Cascaded Medical Imaging Tasks for Improved Deep Learning Inference


Abstract:

Although deep networks have been shown to perform very well on a variety of medical imaging tasks, inference in the presence of pathology presents several challenges to c...Show More

Abstract:

Although deep networks have been shown to perform very well on a variety of medical imaging tasks, inference in the presence of pathology presents several challenges to common models. These challenges impede the integration of deep learning models into real clinical workflows, where the customary process of cascading deterministic outputs from a sequence of image-based inference steps (e.g. registration, segmentation) generally leads to an accumulation of errors that impacts the accuracy of downstream inference tasks. In this paper, we propose that by embedding uncertainty estimates across cascaded inference tasks, performance on the downstream inference tasks should be improved. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in three different clinical contexts: (i) We demonstrate that by propagating T2 weighted lesion segmentation results and their associated uncertainties, subsequent T2 lesion detection performance is improved when evaluated on a proprietary large-scale, multi-site, clinical trial dataset acquired from patients with Multiple Sclerosis. (ii) We show an improvement in brain tumour segmentation performance when the uncertainty map associated with a synthesised missing MR volume is provided as an additional input to a follow-up brain tumour segmentation network, when evaluated on the publicly available BraTS-2018 dataset. (iii) We show that by propagating uncertainties from a voxel-level hippocampus segmentation task, the subsequent regression of the Alzheimer’s disease clinical score is improved.
Published in: IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging ( Volume: 41, Issue: 2, February 2022)
Page(s): 360 - 373
Date of Publication: 20 September 2021

ISSN Information:

PubMed ID: 34543193

Funding Agency:


References

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