Anti-hyperuricemia of Avocado Leaves Ethanol Extract in Potassium Oxonate Induced-Rats

Hyperuricemia is an excess uric acid level in the blood that leads to gouty arthritis and nephrolithiasis due to the abnormality of serum uric acid level. Xanthine oxidase (XO) generally known as the main biochemical index for hyperuricemia and gout. Avocado leaves have also been widely used as a gout medicine, however there is only few reports published on the detail investigation. Accordingly, this study aimed at the antihyperuricemia activity of ethanol extracts of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) leaves in potassium oxonate induced-rats. Phytochemical screening of extract had done qualitatively and anti-hyperuricemia in vitro assay had done by inhibitory activity of xanthine oxidase. In vivo assays were carried out in potassium oxonate induced rats for all treatment groups. The result showed avocado leaf extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, steroids, triterpenoids, glycosides, tannins, and saponins. The inhibition of xanthine oxidase activity showed that the percentage inhibition of 120 ppm, 91.71%. The ethanol extract of avocado leaves (ALEE) at 300 mg/kg shows the great result in reducing uric acid concentration in blood from 12.3% to 4.3%, which is close to the allopurinol standard, 3.5%. Based on the results, we found that avocado leaf extract demonstrates great potential as natural anti-hyperuricemia for future biomedical applications.