Nephroprotective Effect from Rose Petals (Rosa damascena) Extract Against Cadmium Toxicity

Cadmium, a heavy metal, is commonly used in industries. It could accumulate in various bodily organs, especially in the kidneys. Due to its antioxidative effect, rose (Rosa damascena) petal may serve to protect organs and tissues against free radicals, generated by cadmium deposition. Hence, this study aims to investigate the nephroprotective effect from rose petal extract against cadmium toxicity. This study was experimentally-designed that involved 25 male Wistar rats, divided into five different groups viz. control (Na-CMC), standard (Quercetin), rose petal methanol extract-I (400 mg/kg BW), extract-II (800 mg/kg BW), and extract-III (1.2g/kg BW). All rats received 7 mg/kgBW of cadmium sulfate peroral 30 minutes following quercetin or rose extract administration. After four weeks of treatment, all rats were sacrificed. Blood and kidney tissue were collected for examinations. Based on lab parameter, it showed that 400 to 1.2 g/kgBW of rose extract was able to maintain similar amount of blood ureum with that of the standard group (p value < 0.05), therefore protecting the tubular part of the kidneys from cadmium damage. The extract III groups exhibited most minimal kidney damage, quantified via lowest EGTI score. Thus, rose petal extract has nephroprotective effect against cadmium toxicity.