IoT Based System to Enhance Agricultural Practices

Agriculture is a major backbone of the world economy and it sustains humanity. Due to inefficient practices and the lack of incorporating modern-day technology in farming, the yield is affected. Internet of Things (IoT) is an evolving technology that connects various devices and shares information mutually. IoT also plays a crucial role in smart agriculture. Smart farming is an emerging field as IoT sensors can monitor many environmental factors and provide necessary data for better yield and safety of crops. Monitoring factors like soil humidity, soil moisture, pH, and fertilizer concentration are very essential to improve the yield of major crops. The focus of this project is to use these technologies in the field of agriculture to channelize the usage of the existing resources. That is, it uses soil moisture, humidity, and pH sensors which in turn control the motor mechanisms for inflow and outflow of water in the field to sustain an optimum level of retained water in these fields. The outflow of water from fields will be controlled by drainage mechanisms incorporated in our system. The running water that is pumped out will be stored in a tank. Once the amount of water stored in it is measured, the required amount of fertilizer and chemicals will be added to the tank through automated process and this water and fertilizer mixture will be reused for irrigation of the crops in a process known as fertigation.