Measurement and Ray-Tracing Simulation for Millimeter-Wave Automotive Radar

The underlying requirement of autonomous driving test orienting the future Internet of Intelligent Vehicles (IoIV) needs knowledge of authentic millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar simulation system. In this paper, a mmWave radar measurement system, which is validated by two corner reflectors with a constant radar cross-sectional (RCS), is set up to carry out the parallel parking measurement campaign on road. The key characteristics of the measurement, including Range-Power profile, Range-Doppler spectrum, and Range-Angle spectrum are obtained and analyzed for the subsequent ray tracing (RT) simulation. The RCSs of key targets are estimated based on the measurement results and provide a visible cue for calibrating EM parameters, which are then matched with the measured ones. The calibrated simulation results are then compared with the measurement results, which realizes the closed-loop verification and analysis.