Resistorless realization of first-order current mode universal filter

This paper proposes a first-order current mode universal filter employing single active building block, namely differential difference dual-X second generation current conveyor. The proposed filter is designed to provide multiple filter responses simultaneously, namely low-pass, high-pass, and all-pass on applying a current signal at its input terminal. The proposed work also enjoys the presence of metal oxide semiconductor transistors working as tunable resistors. Some of the key features of the proposed filter are as follows: use of single passive element (a grounded capacitor), ease of cascadability as all the outputs are available at highimpedance ports, low active and passive sensitivities, significantly high frequency of operation (3 MHz), low total harmonic distortion of output current (1.28%), low output current noise (10 pA/√Hz), and low power dissipation (2 mW). A detailed study of device nonidealities is also presented to show the satisfactory performance of the proposed structure under all practical considerations. PSPICE simulations effectively demonstrate the good performance of the proposed filter.