Autonomous Vehicles: Resource Allocation, Security, and Data Privacy

Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is a technology of importance for the Intelligent Transportation System, which provides safe and comfortable driving, infotainment, traffic management, route optimization, accident prevention, etc. Imparting suitable Quality of Service (QoS), high reliability, and low latency in VANET is a task that is challenging due to the presence of various constraints such as dynamic topology, an imperfection in hardware, congestion in the channel, fluctuation in vehicle density, etc. It is essential to allocate and utilize the resources effectively to maximize the benefit and enhance network performance. It is vital to use the available bandwidth, power, computing, and storage resources efficiently. Along with resource allocation, security and privacy challenges are of equal importance for VANET. One of the major concerns is to make the communication channel secure and prevent the network from attacks by malicious agents. Also, preserving the privacy of vehicles by hiding real identities to circumvent tracking is a challenging task. The authorized agents are allowed to know the actual identity of vehicles. This paper exhibits an in-depth survey of resource allocation schemes in different aspects of VANET. It analyzes the security and privacy of messages, vehicles, and the overall network. Also, the paper presents and discusses the open issues and future research areas in resource allocation, security, and privacy of VANET.