A two-stage differential CCO implementation in submicron CMOS

Presents the design and implementation of a 525 MHz-1.2 GHz CMOS current-controlled oscillator (CCO) based on a novel two-stage differential ring. The basic building stage of the CCO consists of parallel differential amplifier pairs which reliably generate the necessary phase shift and gain to fulfill the oscillation conditions over process and temperature variations. Design issues are, discussed, and simulation and implementation results are presented.