Trade- off Energy and Spectral Efficiency With Multi-Objective Optimization Problem in 5G Massive MIMO System

In fifth-generation cellular networks (5G), a large multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technique is critical for optimizing the trade-off between energy efficiency (EE) and spectral efficiency (SE). The challenges for the next generation depend on increasing the high data traffic in the wireless communication system for both EE and SE. The trade-off between EE and SE in downlink massive MIMO systems has been investigated in this paper using the first derivative of transmit antennas and transmit power. The EE-SE trade-off has been investigated using a multi-objective optimization problem to reduce transmit power. The EE and SE based on constraint maximum transmits power allocation and a number of antennas by computing the first derivative of transmit power to maximize the trade-off EE - SE has been improved. The optimal trade-off between EE and SE can be obtained based on the first derivative by selecting the optimal antennas with a low cost of transmit power showing good simulation results. Therefore, based on an optimal optimization problem is flexible to make trade-offs between EE-SE for distinct preferences.