Hardware Design for IoT-Based Vehicle Tracking and Theft Detection System

The lack of information regarding the location of the stolen vehicle and the slow initial investigation time made the process of finding the vehicle difficult. To assist the search process, an additional device is needed on the vehicle as a location information provider and as a detector of theft attempts. To meet these needs, this project developed a hardware device that is placed on a motor vehicle that is able to transmit the location and detect attempts to start the vehicle's engine by thieves. The device will utilize information from OBDII (On Board Diagnostic) to detect signals from a running car engine. Then the information is sent using the MQTT protocol to the Google IoT Core server. SIM800L is used as a communication module that can access the GPRS network, ESP32 is used as a microcontroller module, IP5306 is used to manage backup power on the system, and Neo-6m is used as a GPS module to provide location information. The test is carried out on two types of areas, namely Line Of Sight (LOS) conditions or conditions without obstacles and Non-LOS or conditions with many obstacles such as roads under trees or under flyovers. The test results on the system's traceability obtained accuracy up to 10 meters from the test reference point and the percentage of success is 96%. The results of testing the theft detection itself are carried out using a simulation method using a passenger car where the scenario carried out is to turn on the car and also move it 50 meters from the starting point and the results are obtained where the notification to the user is successfully lit in these two circumstances.