High-Accuracy WiFi-Based 3D Indoor Positioning Using Non-Uniform Planar Array

With the development of mobile communication technology, location information has become more and more important for various services. Using a non-uniform planar array (NUPA), a WiFi-based three-dimensional indoor positioning system is proposed. The multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm is utilized to estimate the angle of arrival (AoA) of the direct ray, and then the time of flight is estimated with calibration data. An optimized NUPA is used for the antenna array in the access point. Experimental results show that the proposed positioning system achieves a median positioning error of 0.45 m in a complex indoor environment.