Review of Instrumental Methods for Detecting the Respiratory Signal

Due to a large number of respiratory diseases, human respiratory wave detection is a very urgent problem. Especially strongly, this problem is expressed in the frequent occurrence of obstructive apnea. The prevalence of apnea in newborns and preschool children is estimated in range from 1% to 3%. The goal of this paper is to develop a method for detecting a respiratory signal, which will be used in a device for carrying premature newborns. To develop such a method, it is necessary to consider existing methods for determining to breathe and choose the most suitable one as the basis. The present paper provides an overview and comparative analysis of existing methods of detecting a human respiratory wave, namely MRI with the respiratory belt, acoustic method for estimating respiratory rate, polysomnography using a thermistor and nasal pressure transducer as well as implementations of detecting a human respiratory wave based on a video signal from RGB, RGB-D, thermal cameras. This paper describes features of detection of respiratory wave in newborns based on the video signal and selected method of detection of respiratory wave in newborns based on the video signal.