Comparative Analysis of the Effect of Different Substrates Materials on Microstrip Patch Antenna Operating at 3.6 GHz

Besides bandwidth and gain actuation conflict, a microstrip antenna is easy to fabricate and install at a cheap cost. Hence makes it suitable for modern-day telecommunication and wireless device applications to introduce new antenna easy to market. However, the quest to know the best substrate material that will produce higher antenna performance at 3.6GHz prompted the consideration of different substrate materials for the design of rectangular microstrip antenna. Transmission line model (TLM) analysis was used to obtain the antenna designs' physical dimensions for the eight different substrate materials considered at a fixed height (h) of 1.6mm. The simulations were carried out in CST Microwave Studio. The evaluation results show an inverse relationship between the dielectric constant of substrate materials and the gain-as high-density polyethylene with the least dielectric constant displayed the highest gain. The FR-4 with the highest dielectric constant gives the least gain.