Distortion with Multiple Discrete Modulation Techniques

A huge number of scientific papers are devoted to noise-immune coding, in which various aspects of this important transformation in the general telecommunication system are investigated in detail. The methods of multiple discrete modulation, often called signal-code construction, are very diverse. However, they have in common a transition from a discrete signal to an analogue signal in transmission, and vice versa on the receiving side. Depending on the design used, a discrete code combination of a certain number of binary symbols is associated with a certain type of modulated signal, and inverse transformations take place at the reception. The article examines the features of effective comparison of code combinations on the example of two-dimensional signals with phase and amplitude-phase modulations. The matrix of probabilities of vector transformations is calculated. Calculated the average number of incorrectly received binary symbols during demodulation for Gray and Natural codes. The study showed that the considered methods of matching in the two coding options are equivalent.