Effect of Optimal Energy Management Strategy on Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle Performances

Currently, electric vehicles (EV) has become an adequate alternative to the conventional vehicle (CV) for many consumers in the world. However, in Tunisia, it is not yet time for plug-in electric vehicles (PEV) depending on the lack of charge station parks and intelligent infrastructure. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) are an adequate answer for this situation. HEV is not pure clean vehicles, and various efforts are taken to develop optimal energy management of electric and thermal torques for a parallel HEV. Therefore, this paper presents a comparison study between HEV, EV, and CV performances, their limited and perspective propagation generally in the world and mainly in Tunisia. As an application of an optimal energy management study, we opt for the adaptive particle swarm optimization (APSO) algorithm to investigate the maximum fuel consumption economy and lower CO2 emission for a known drive cycle. Here, the presented algorithms were used to find out the optimum energy flow between two power sources. Thus, a detailed economic analysis that involves components of electric charge and fuel consumption costs were also presented. The economic formulation problem will be, then, implemented using MATLAB/SIMULINK software, and the simulation results were discussed.