A Study of Biometric Identification and Verification System

Conventionally, the identification of users is performed using passwords and PIN numbers. However, due to the rapid changes in technology, these security measure's abuse and theft are also increasing. This led to the birth of the biometric security system, in which the identity verification of individuals is performed based on the feature vectors, which are derived from the physiological and/or behavioral characteristics of humans. The categorization of a biometric system is done as per the number of traits utilization for authentication purposes. There are various available methods for identification such as Face Recognition, Iris Recognition, Voice Recognition, Fingerprint Recognition, etc. As per advancement in technology, information security becomes a major challenge of the IT industry. Thus, authentication plays an important role to deals with security. The key objective of this scheme is to ensure that the rendered services are accessible only by the authorized user and not by an illegal person. Using biometrics, an individual's identity can be confirmed or established. In this paper, a comparative survey of uni and the multi-modal biometric system is presented, and analysis is performed to know the best system. The purpose is to analyze the latest technology based on the progress made and unresolved issues. A general overview of the biometric recognition system is presented, along with the performance, parameters is presented. In addition to the single-modal system, this article also discusses the multi-modal biometric system and its traditional approaches along with the information fusion level. This article highlights the potential, market value, and prospects of biometric technology.