PSO Based Optimal Phasor Measurement Unit Placement Considering Measurement Redundancy

Phasor measurement unit (PMU) is a device that gives a fast and accurate measurement of both current and voltage along with time synchronization. This PMU data is useful for effective monitoring and control of power systems in smart grid. To minimize the system cost, the number of PMUs required should be reduced and must be placed optimally in a power system. To achieve this objective, particle swarm optimization (PSO) based technique is presented in this paper for maximum power system observability. Also, the zero injection bus (ZIB) case is considered for further reduction in the PMU count which in turn reduces system cost. The selection of appropriate PMU location set is identified based on the system observability redundancy index (SORI). In this paper, the PSO algorithm is tested on various test systems like IEEE 9-bus, 14-bus, and 24-bus systems for normal and ZIB cases. The simulation results are compared with various MATLAB solver-based optimization techniques. The simulation results show that PSO based technique is more effective in terms of observability.