A Literature Review on Technology-Based Problem-Posing Strategies in Academia

Problem-posing (PP) is an act by a learner to gain knowledge by generating new problems or questions in a given scenario. Studies have proved that PP is an effective student-centered method for learning. Moreover, it helps students to understand complex concepts and improve their learning outcomes. Many researchers have tried to develop technology-based learning systems using PP strategy in various domains and technology tools are playing a major role in education, in this digital era. Hence, the main objectives of this study are: a) To identify the strategies used to implement problem-posing based on technology and b) To identify the advantages of technology-based PP strategies over conventional problem-posing methods. To achieve these objectives we have conducted a literature review on 67 papers. The study has identified collaborative mobile learning, com-puter-based group activities, gaming activities, web-application-based activities and tablet-PC based activities as technology-based PP strategies. It has also identified that there are limited researches on PP in domains such as STEM, Nursing, English, and Biochemistry. We found that technology-based PP strategies have various advantages. They help students to acquire knowledge, make an impressive change in their learning outcomes, improve students' motivation and responsibility by engaging them in the learning process, improve collaborative skills and lower their cognitive load.