An Intuitive Alert System for Fault Detection and Fuse Burn out Recognition at the Distribution Transf ormer

Faults are the main provenience for the malfunctioning of the entire electrical system. Causes of faults include overvoltage, lightning strokes, aging of conductor, falling trees on transmission lines. Different types of faults have enormous impacts on the system. Some of them result in fuses fading out at the distribution transformer, to isolate the system for the purpose of protection of equipment and to safeguard the customer loads. If the fuse burnout at the distribution transformer is not identified, the blackout in that area may be resulted until the fuse burns out information is sent to the concerned person and renewed. This paper illustrates spotting of faults and identification of fuse burn at the distribution transformer and sending the alert the message followed by activation of the circuit breaker at the instant of fault. The various strategies for the detection of faults are reviewed. An intuitive controller is designed to detect the fuse blown out at the distribution transformer and to send the information to the concerned authorities in the particular locality to renew the fuse. The intuitive controller used in hardware prototype is Node Micro Controller Unit (Node MCU) for sensing the burnout fuse and passing the information to the Distribution Company(DisCo) in the particular locality for fuse renewal. Passing the information needs an Global system for Mobile Communications (GSM) Module to get connected to the controller and needs a separate set of instructions that requires a lot of space, time and results in high cost for designing and maintaining. In this work, Alert message is sent via android phone with the help of If This, Then That (IFTTT) (without GSM) interface which is connected to the controller via the internet. The Proteus professional software has been utilized to identify the fault currents using ohm's law and isolate the system using circuit breakers. The proposed intuitive controller is best suited for the smart supervision of the fault identification at the distribution transformer and can be part of a smart grid system.