A Scanning Angle Adjustment Method for Array-Fed Lens Antenna Systems

With the ability to increase the gain of the millimeter-wave antenna system effectively, lenses have attracted wide attention. Researchers proposed a large number of lens-based array systems. When each array element works alone, the system can transmit beams in different directions. However, it is difficult to adjust the scanning angle flexibly. In this letter, we propose a method to synthesize the radiation pattern of the lens-array system, which can flexibly adjust the scanning angle by weighted array elements. First, we derive an approximate mathematical model of the lens-array system. Then, the influence of the weighting coefficients on the far-field radiation pattern of the system is analyzed. By setting coefficients as the optimization parameters and combining it with the desired beampattern, we establish an optimization model. Then we optimize the coefficients. Full-wave simulation results performed by CST studio and measured results demonstrate that the proposed method can approach the desired radiation pattern by the optimized coefficients. What's more, measured results show that the proposed method is suitable for wideband signals. Hence, the presented method can flexibly adjust the scanning angle.