Transparent Circularly-Polarized Antenna with Tilted Beam for Vehicular Platforms

In this paper, a transparent microstrip CPW-fed antenna which could be used in Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) bands has been proposed. The antenna is designed on a glass substrate which can be mounted on the windshield of a car. The beam of the antenna is tilted for 30 degrees as lots of cars' windshields are inclined around 30 degrees. This design has 59% 10-dB return loss bandwidth (0.97-1.78 GHz) and 3-dB axial ratio of 12% (1.14-1.3 GHz) and 14% (1.43-1.65 GHz) over lower and upper frequency bands of interest, respectively. The obtained optical transparency of the proposed antenna is 88%.