How to Estimate Temperature Coefficients of Series and Shunt Parameters of Transmission Lines with Sag

For line distributed resistance, it is easy to know its temperature coefficient. The literature has different approaches to express that distributed parameter as a temperature-dependent quantity. For line distributed inductance, capacitance, and conductance, the literature still lacks any methodology to express them as temperature-dependent quantities. This study is the first trial to express these temperature coefficients. Two possible approaches are provided. The first one assumes that the conductor temperature is known, while the other offers temperature-free estimations by regressing some variables correlated with the conductor temperature. The formulas provided in this study can be considered as a foundation to develop more advanced methods.