Galactic Swarm Optimization Based Adaptive Digital Image Watermarking for Optimal Positions Detection

Over recent decades, myriad technologies of imaging and their applications have been skyrocketed. With the emerging of such technologies, images acquisition, storage, and distribution led to easier and fast processing and transmission. But, on the other hand, several issues of malicious copying, unauthorized manipulation, and felonious distribution are growing every day. In order to cope with these issues, as a promising technology, digital image watermarking has appeared. In general, the optimization techniques are in demand for providing optimal embedding for watermarks. In this paper, an adaptive blind approach of digital image watermarking has been proposed in which the algorithm of galactic swarm optimization (GSO) is used for detecting the optimal positions to embed a watermark in the high and middle frequencies of the discrete wavelet transformation (DWT) of the cover image. To prove the high performance of the presented approach, various experiments and comparisons were conducted. The acquired results showed robustness against several kinds of attacks and preserved a high imperceptibility.