Optimal Siting of Phasor Measurement Units in National Transmission Network of Pakistan to Ensure Complete System Observability

As Electrical power system is moving very rapidly toward greener and more sustainable through the usage of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), complexity and dynamic nature of power system is increasing at a same pace also, Thus to avoid any instability or faults that might occur, quick and real time monitoring of electrical power system is the need of the day. This can be achieved by the usage of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). PMU is a time-synchronized metering device that gives very fast and precise data of current and voltage phasors. However, due to their high infrastructure costs of placing, adequate planning for PMU placement is crucial so that the whole system can be observable and the cost of installation of PMUs can be reduced also. In this paper we present optimal PMU placement through Binary Integer Linear Programming (BILP). The simulations are carried out for normal conditions as well as N-1 contingencies. Furthermore, to solve Multiphase PMUs placement problem Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) has been employed. The presented technique is applied on Pakistani Transmission Network as well as on IEEE 14 bus system. The results show that with less number of PMUs better observability of critical buses and lines can be achieved in Pakistani Transmission system as well as in IEEE test systems.