Performance Analysis of Temporally Ordered Routing Algorithm Protocol and Zone Routing Protocol on Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network in Urban Environment

Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANET) was developed to provide drivers with a continuous connection of each node while on the road to make it easier for drivers to find out what information is on the road. The most influential thing is that communication between nodes is a routing protocol where the routing process is a process to determine the delivery path for information to be sent efficiently and precisely at the destination. Based on the problems that exist on the highway, especially for urban areas where there are many obstacles, the diversity of density, distribution, and movement of nodes will result in obstruction of the data exchange process, a solution is needed, namely the implementation of an appropriate routing protocol for sending data between nodes efficient by analyzing the comparison between the routing protocol. Temporally Ordered Routing Algorithm (TORA) is a hybrid protocol that has a method based on the user's desire to determine the routing process and the Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP) which is a protocol with a zone approach to perform the routing process. By using test parameters in the form of packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, and throughput, it will be seen that the protocol used can run on the VANET network, in a scenario in the form of vehicle density it is found that the higher the vehicle density, the worse the value of the test parameters and will be stable in the unraveling conditions of vehicle density, for the ZRP protocol it has an average throughput value of 2.12 kbps, and end-to-end delay of 24. 97ms, a packet delivery ratio of 83.88%. The TORA protocol has an average throughput value of 0.69 kbps, an end-to-end delay is 304.49ms, and a packet delivery ratio of 27.17%. Based on the value of the test parameters in the form of packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, and throughput, the ZRP protocol is more suitable for use on VANETs in urban areas.