Two-level Scheduling Optimization of Multi-microgrids Operation in Smart Distribution Networks

Electric distribution systems are currently undergoing a transition from passive entities to smart infrastructures, thanks to the advances in communication and automation technologies. However, the integration of new concepts in distribution networks, such as microgrids, distributed generation, energy storage etc., introduces various challenges regarding the energy management procedures. This paper proposes an optimal coordination model of multiple microgrids in smart distribution networks, based on a two-level optimization scheme. The upper-level of the proposed model optimizes the distribution network operation, while the economic dispatch is calculated in each microgrid in the lower-level of the methodology. Two scheduling modes are analyzed for the microgrids operation: independent grid-connected scheduling and coordinated scheduling mode. The influence of the microgrids scheduling on the distribution network operation is investigated using the test IEEE 33-bus system, modified with three microgrids, each including loads, controllable generators, renewable sources, and energy storage systems.