Rare Transmission Anomaly and Fault Detection based on Synchrophasors in Control Rooms

Three phase power system in some circumstances suffers from imbalances in the operation. This condition might lead to more serious contingencies, operational security risks and can leads to higher losses and insulation degradation. One phase breakage, high resistance fault or two phase operation in the power system (short circuit or earth fault) is a case of longitudinal, serial failure. Such condition causes imbalance in the three phase system and appearance of inverse and zero sequence components. In the control room this condition can be detected by alarms from the relay protection devices (in case the function is activated) or in the higher bias and measurement error detected by the state estimation algorithm. In this paper, a detection algorithm based on synchrophasor data is presented. The algorithm in a centralized application in the control center is based on the symmetrical components calculated in the PMU and collected in the Phasor Data Concentrator (PDC).