Single and Double Side Comb-Shaped Patch Antenna Design Evolved from Rectangular Shape for Reduced Sized Antenna Applications

This paper reports single and double side comb-shaped patch antennas to be used in reduced-sized antenna applications. The proposed antenna designs are evolved from regular rectangular shape antennas. The designed single and double side comb-shaped antennas were investigated in a complete set of study together with the rectangular shape antenna that resonates at 5 GHz frequency. Reflection coefficient (S
₁₁
) parameter of the designed comb-shaped antennas and the rectangular antenna were calculated together with three-dimensional (3D) directivity patterns in simulations for different arm lengths, arm widths, and arm numbers of the comb-shaped antennas. Results show that with the comb-shaped antennas it is possible to shift the resonance frequency of a regular rectangular shape antenna to a frequency lower than its half without enlarging the foot-print area or with the smaller foot-print area. Also, resonance frequency change and peak directivity variations at resonance frequencies of the antennas with geometrical parameters of the antennas were calculated, too. The findings indicate that due to the large number of geometrical parameters that come with the nature of the comb shape, comb-shaped antennas provide more flexibility while constructing an antenna.