Design of Solar PV Based EV Charging Station with Optimized Battery Energy Storage System

Electric vehicle (EV) demand is increasing day by day raising one of the major challenges as the lack of charging infrastructure. To reduce the carbon footprint, countries are pushing for the rapid growth of the renewable energy to be used as the source of charging station. In this paper, an optimized battery energy storage system (BESS) integrated with solar PV in a charging station is designed for the overall benefit of the system. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used to determine the optimal cost of the battery based on the parking area capacity, PV generation capacity, the load connected to the solar PV system and the availability of the EVs. An optimum rate of charging / dis-charging of the BES will ensure a prolonged life cycle of the battery. Also, artificial neural network (ANN) is used to predict day ahead PV generation and load demand, and hence the battery power, in order to design the storage capacity of BES to satisfy the maximum demand.