State-of-the-art Energy-Efficiency in 5G networks: Requirement indicators and evaluation metrics

This paper discusses the opportunities in 5G mobile networks, as well as the key strategies of achieving the energy-efficiency (EE) goal. The EE reflects how effectively power (or energy) is utilized, which has been an important objective in 5G network deployment. The focus is on requirement indicators, as well as methods and metrics to measure energy-efficiency. We pointed out the important role of new metrics and evaluation methods in the subsequent 5G+ standardization process.