Testbed-based Performance Evaluation of Attack Resilient Control for Wind Farm SCADA System

The increased penetration level of wind generation in power grid reduces the overall grid inertia and SCADA-based wide-area controller is required to limit the wind energy output in total generation. Since the modern wind farms are integrated with active sensors and controllable actuators, coupled with the legacy infrastructure, for wide-area applications, it is imperative to address the associated cybersecurity challenges in the context of SCADA-based wind farm infrastructure. In this paper, we present a testbed-based performance evaluation of attack-resilient control for wind farm SCADA system (WFSS) that detects different cyber attacks on the SCADA measurement, and provide necessary mitigation using the forecast information. Specifically, we have utilized the real-time wind power forecast, as a redundant measurement, and timing property of SCADA measurements to develop model-based anomaly detector. Once an anomaly is detected, wind power forecast information is leveraged, as a part of a mitigation system, for monitoring and control purposes. We have leveraged the resources available at Iowa State University's PowerCyber testbed to implement cyberattacks and later validate the performance of attack resilient control. Our experimental results reveal that the proposed rules-based ADMS is efficient in detecting several cyber attacks, and further mitigating them to maintain system stability and reliability.