Directional source localization based on RSS-AOA combined measurements

Source localization plays an indispensable role in many applications. This paper addresses the directional source localization problem in a three-dimensional (3D) wireless sensor network using hybrid received-signal-strength (RSS) and angle-of-arrival (AOA) measurements. Both the position and transmission orientation of the source are to be estimated. In the considered positioning scenario, the angle and range measurements are respectively corresponding to the AOA model and RSS model that integrates the Gaussian-shaped radiation pattern. Given that the localization problem is non-convex and the unknown parameters therein are coupled together, this paper adopts the second-order cone relaxation and alternating optimization techniques in the proposed estimation algorithm. Moreover, to provide a performance benchmark for any localization method, the corresponding Cramer-Rao lower bounds (CRLB) of estimating the unknown position and transmission orientation of the source are derived. Numerical and simulation results demonstrate that the presented algorithm effectively resolves the problem, and its estimation performance is close to the CRLB for the localization with the hybrid measurements.