Optimal Design of Mid-Infrared Reflective Optical Modulators Based on Electrically Tunable Metasurface

Mid-infrared modulators based on tunable metasurface enable us to design modulators with high modulation depth (MD) at the desired wavelengths. Regarding the combination of numerous variable parameters affecting the modulator operation, a multi-objective optimization approach was proposed and employed to achieve high MD mid-infrared optical modulators. The multi-objective gray wolf optimizer (MOGWO) is an appropriate method that we are utilizing to maximize the modulators MD. Optimally designed structures, in this work, have demonstrated adequate MD at λ₁= 6 μm and λ₂= 7 μm. The suggested approach, as a general method, can be used in design optimization of the mid-infrared modulators based on tunable metasurface and tune at any desired wavelength for different usages.