FDTD analysis of transmitting-receiving integrated active antennas

In this paper, the extended Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method is used to analyze a transmitting-receiving integrated active antenna. Employing the concept of equivalent current/voltage sources, the device-wave interaction is characterized and incorporated into the FDTD time-stepping algorithm. By using Powell optimization, the oscillating frequency of transmitting part and the conversion loss of the receiving part are obtained.