Vector Measurement-Based Virtual Inertia Emulation Technique for Real-Time Transient Frequency Regulation in Microgrids

The conventional dynamic inertia emulation scheme can desirably prolong the frequency deflection period, sacrificing the frequency restraining time in the microgrid. Therefore, to ensure an elongated frequency deflection period, having a shortened restraining time, the concept of the direction sensitive dynamic inertia emulation (DSIE) technique has been developed in this article. In the proposed DSIE technique, the deflection in the frequency has been measured as a vector quantity to dynamically compute the amount of required virtual inertia. Then, the assessment of the large-signal stability region is provided based on the principle of Lyapunov. The proposed concept has been validated in an experimental hardware testbench to evaluate the performance improvement. To ensure the minimum computational delay and latency, an ARM Cortex A-72-based digital signal processor and BTS-7960 packaged mosfet have been specifically selected. The experimental results have shown that the proposed technique shortens the frequency returning period by 66.68% comparing with the conventional nondirectional scheme in real time.