Research of the Effectiveness of Existing Laws of Automatic Regulation of Excitation of Synchronous Generators of Industrial Power Plants under Various Conditions of Connection to the Electric Power System

The industry is currently developing very rapidly. Outdated equipment is being improved, replaced by newer machines and units, and new factories with very powerful consumers appear. In such conditions, a large load is connected to the existing electrical systems and networks and electricity generating equipment. This trend is leading to the construction of new local power plants. The connection diagrams of installations transmitting electricity are becoming more complicated, which leads to an increase in the errors of operating personnel. Also, more connections in the power grid can lead to an increase in the number of emergencies. Modern equipment of receivers of electrical energy in many industries is sensitive to various deviations from the normal mode of the electrical network. Load is redistributed between synchronous generators and power plant personnel need to balance its distribution between machines to avoid overloading or underloading generators. Regulation of reactive power output or consumed by generators is performed by changing the excitation current of the machines. The change in the excitation current depends on the adopted law of excitation regulation. Existing laws of excitation regulation are not always effective in a low-power industrial power plant. When choosing them, it is necessary to take into account that the excitation regulation law determines the distribution of reactive powers and the stability of the machine. In addition, it is not excluded that the power plant will go into separate operation. In case of separate operation, other requirements may apply to the excitation regulation law. This work is devoted to the study of the effectiveness of existing laws for automatic regulation of excitation of synchronous generators of industrial power plants under various conditions of communication with the electric power system. An algorithm for correcting the settings of the excitation regulator has been developed for parallel and separate operation with the power system, the presence of several power sources and different electrical distance of the load from them. Recommendations are given on the choice of the excitation regulation law in an industrial power plant.