Soil NPK and Moisture analysis using Wireless Sensor Networks

Agriculture plays a vital role in the economic development of our country. Crop yield primarily depends on soil fertility and moisture level. Fertilizers are normally recommended based on the nutrient present in the soil. To recommend a suitable fertilizer level, the soil nutrient analysis is essential which is done mostly using laboratory techniques. Manual methods of measuring soil nutrients are time consuming. Many farmers refrain to perform soil testing in the laboratory and grow the same crop in the land continuously, hence soil loses its fertility. A system has been proposed to adopt precision agriculture using Wireless Sensor Networks, which enables remote monitoring of soil fertility and other parameters namely soil moisture, pH and temperature. This data is transmitted to the cloud and the corresponding values are displayed on a mobile application. The proposed Internet of things (IoT) based software system has the intelligence to recommend the quantity of water and fertilizer which improves the quality of the soil and ensures optimum growth of the crop.