Joint 2-D Angle Estimation using TDOA in Distributed Multi-antenna System

A joint 2-D angle estimation algorithm based on TDOA is proposed in this paper for multi-antenna system, which can solve the problem of using it in tracking system, such as limited estimation accuracy and inapplicability of wideband signals. Based on the principle of least squares, this algorithm comprehensively utilizes multiple baseline measurements to perform iterative calculations, which effectively improves the estimation accuracy and does not require ambiguity solving. The CRLB and RMSE expressions of the algorithm are derived. Also the angle measurement performance of the algorithm is discussed. Simulation results verify the correctness and effectiveness of the algorithm. The algorithm takes into account both the estimation accuracy and the algorithm complexity, and the angle estimation accuracy is close to CRLB.