Particle Swarm Optimization based Routing Method for Vehicular Ad-hoc Network

Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is a special subcategory of MANET and has a prominent role in the deployment of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) applications. Most of the applications in the VANET achieve communication between vehicles and vehicles to road side unit through routing by using IEEE 802.11p standard. To make the routing feasible in the VANET is a challenge due to the fast movement of the vehicles, way of moving the vehicles and failure in the communication link. Swarm Intelligence (SI) methods are used in the process of routing due to similarity in the behavior of swarms and the routing. These techniques are used to achieve optimized solutions that ensure flexibility and robustness in the economical way. In this paper, PSOR routing protocol is proposed that uses the distance and speed of the vehicle to determine next forwarding vehicle. Relaying Quality of Service (QoS) of road scenarios is evaluated using Message delivery ratio (MDR), overhead, delay and throughput. The results are compared with other SI techniques such as AntHocNet and Adaptive QoS-based Routing for VANETs (AQRV). The simulation results related to PSOR are found better than AntHocNet and AQRV.