A storage based Virtual Synchronous System for Load-frequency regulation of interconnected Hybrid Microgrids using Selfish-herd optimiser

This paper is mostly focused on overcoming typical challenges due to renewable energy integration in hybrid microgrids, by incorporating coordinated energy storage-based virtual synchronous system (VSS). The work is initiated by proposing an unequal interconnected hybrid microgrid including Wind, Solar-thermal, Micro-hydro, Biogas, Biodiesel generating units with Battery and Super-capacitor based VSS. The load-frequency responses of the proposed system are compared for different scenarios of source and load variations with classical PID controllers using a recent Selfish-herd optimiser algorithm. Initially, the system responses are compared with 4-optimisation techniques to confirm the superior one. Then the system responses are compared with 3-scenarios of extreme source variations to analyse the effect of renewable penetration and VSS. Finally, the system frequency variations are reduced adequately by the inclusion of the proposed VSS and the responses of each scenarios are recorded.