"Wireless Paint": Code Design for 3D Orientation Estimation with Backscatter Arrays

In this paper, we consider the problem of estimating the orientation of an object that has been custom-"painted" by an array of backscatter tags. We pose the problem as a coding matrix design with the objective of minimizing orientation estimation error. We show that it is only necessary to consider a subset of code configurations and provide a tractable linear program to find the optimal coding strategy. We provide simulation results using an icosahedral tag arrangement.