High speed peer-to-peer communications based bus protection

The paper presents high-speed peer-to-peer communications based on GOMSFE (Generic Object Models for Substation and Feeder Equipment) combined with advanced high-speed methods for directional detection which allow the development of a distributed bus protection without the need for any additional hardware in the substation. The paper presents advanced methods for determining the direction of the fault based on superimposed components of the currents and voltages calculated by the protective relay. The exchange of directional detection information between relays using advanced transient energy method and a bay controller implementing the distributed bus protection function is described later in the paper. Superimposed components based directional detection methods provide significant advantages in operating speed, while at the same time they do not use polarizing quantities and are not affected by system conditions. The testing of peer-to-peer communications and superimposed components based protection systems is discussed at the end of the paper.