Coffee consumption and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in Croatia

We examined the effect of coffee consumption to all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. The analyses were based on data from an epidemiological-longitudinal study started in 1969 with follow-ups in 1972 and 1982. We estimated survival functions by coffee consumption groups. People who drank no coffee had the lowest survival rate. The estimates of hazard ratio based on the Cox regression model with time dependent covariates indicated that people who drank coffee had lower hazard of all-cause and cardiovascular death. People who drink regularly coffee had significant lower hazard of all-cause death adjusting coffee consumption with age, smoking, diastolic blood pressure, feeling of well being and status of having ulcer. Women who sometimes drank coffee had significantly lower hazard of cardiovascular death.