An Efficient Control Strategy for Enhancing Frequency Stability of Multi-Area Power System Considering High Wind Energy Penetration

This paper proposes an efficient control strategy to enhance frequency stability of three-area power system considering a high penetration level of wind energy. The proposed strategy is based on a combination of a Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller with a Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) approach. The parameters of the proposed controller (i.e., PID-LQG) are optimally designed by a novel natural physical based-algorithm called Lightning Attachment Procedure Optimization (LAPO). The main objective is to keep the frequency fluctuation at its acceptable value in the presence of high penetration of wind energy, high load disturbance and system uncertainties. The superiority of the proposed PID-LQG controller is validated by comparing its performance with optimal Coefficient Diagram Method (CDM) controller, conventional CDM controller, optimal PID controller-based LAPO, and integral controller. Moreover, the exhaustive results completely demonstrate that the proposed controller gives better performance in terms of overshoot, undershoot, and settling time as well as provides reliable frequency stability for interconnected power systems considering high wind penetration and system uncertainties.