An Effective Bio-Signal-Based Driver Behavior Monitoring System Using a Generalized Deep Learning Approach

Recent years have seen increasing utilization of deep learning methods to analyze large collections of medical data and signals effectively in the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) environment. Application of these methods to medical signals and images can help caregivers form proper decision-making. One of the important IoMT medical application areas includes aggressive driving behaviors to mitigate road incidents and crashes. Various IoMT-enabled body sensors or camera sensors can be utilized for real-time monitoring and detection of drivers' bio-signal status such as heart rate, blood pressure, and drivers' behaviors. However, it requires a lightweight detection module and a powerful training module with real-time storing and analysis of drivers' behaviors data from these medical devices to detect driving behaviors and provides instant feedback by the administrator for safety, gas emissions, and energy/fuel consumption. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a bio-signal-based system for real-time detection of aggressive driving behaviors using a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) model with edge and cloud technologies. More precisely, the system consists of three modules, which are the driving behaviors detection module implemented on edge devices in the vehicle, the training module implemented in the cloud platform, and the analyzing module placed in the monitoring environment connected with a telecommunication network. The DCNN model of the proposed system is evaluated using a holdout test set of 30% on two different processed bio-signal datasets. These two processed bio-signal datasets are generated from our collected bio-signal dataset by using two different time windows and two different time steps. The experimental results show that the proposed DCNN model achieves 73.02% of validation accuracy on the processed dataset 1 and 79.15% of validation accuracy on the processed dataset 2. The results confirm the appropriateness and applicability of the proposed deep learning model for detecting driving aggressive behaviors using bio-signal data.