Charging Coordination of Plug-In Electric Vehicle for Congestion Management in Distribution System Integrated With Renewable Energy Sources

This article presents a novel strategy for congestion management in a distribution system, which occurs due to the uncoordinated charging of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs). The large proliferation of PEVs has been significantly creating impact on the transportation and power sector in recent times. However, uncoordinated charging of PEVs leads to congestion in distribution feeders when the penetration of PEVs is reasonably high. A charging coordination strategy of grid-to-vehicle (G2V) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) is formulated considering the large PEVs penetration in the distribution system. In this article, the popular ensemble method, i.e., gradient boosting regression tree method is employed to predict the state-of-charge for PEVs batteries. The charging coordination of G2V-V2G mode is developed in order to study the maximum PEVs penetration in the distribution system with an objective function of minimizing overall cost. The strategy is implemented in workplace car park powered by grid and grid-connected photovoltaic generation located in industrial areas of the IEEE 38 bus radial distribution system. An analytical study is presented to evaluate the maximum possible PEV penetration that the distribution network can accommodate without violating the grid constraints. Moreover, the performance of proposed strategy with or without the presence of solar powered car park is analyzed to assess the maximum possible PEVs penetration in the network so that no congestion occurs in the distribution lines.