Broadband Substrate Integrated Waveguide Cavity-Backed Irregular Shaped Slot Antenna using Particle Swarm Optimization

In this paper, a broadband substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity-backed irregular shaped slot antenna is proposed. The irregularly shaped slot whose dimensions have been optimized using an evolutionary algorithm called particle swarm optimization (PSO) by fixing its position has been proposed to achieve the broadband response. This antenna maintains the characteristics of low profile, unidirectional radiation while enhancing the bandwidth. The cavity size of the antenna is designed such that it generates two modes (TE₁₁₀ and TE₁₂₀) in the desired frequency range. The shape of the slot aids to couple the two obtained modes in a vicinity region and thus increasing the effective bandwidth.