Hybrid Precoding Design for Wideband THz Massive MIMO-OFDM Systems With Beam Squint

The terahertz (THz) communication has been considered as a promising technique for future 6G wireless networks because of its tens of GHz bandwidth. However, the path direction for THz channel under different subcarrier frequencies is different (i.e., beam squint), which leads to the serious beam gain loss for conventional hybrid precoding design schemes. Thus, the effect of beam squint must be considered for the application of the wideband THz systems. In this paper, we consider the precoding design problem in a wideband THz massive multiple-input-multiple-output (mMIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems with beam squint. We first design two new sparse radio frequency chain antenna structures, including fully connected and subarray. Based on the designed structure, we formulate an average rate maximization problem by jointly designing the hybrid analog/digital precoding at the transmitter and analog combine vector at the receiver. Since it is a challenge to optimize the precoding simultaneously, we propose an alternatively iterative algorithm to solve it under each antenna structure. Finally, the simulation results are conducted to show the effectiveness of the designed antenna structure and proposed precoding schemes.