Optimal Coordinated Operation of Interdependent Power and Water Distribution Systems

With the rising electricity demand for freshwater production, power and water sectors are becoming increasingly interdependent. This vital link could create new opportunities for power and water distribution system operators to coordinate the operation of their systems and achieve operational cost and energy efficiency benefits. This paper proposes the flexible power-water flow (FlexPWF) model for co-optimizing the operation of flexible energy-intensive components in water systems with the operation of both power and water distribution systems. The FlexPWF model leverages the energy flexibility provided by water treatment and desalination plants in conjunction with variable speed pumps and water storage tanks to minimize the operating costs of interdependent power and water distribution systems. The proposed model takes into account the operational constraints of both power and water distribution systems, thus coordinating their operation without endangering the reliable supply of power and water to customers. The paper highlights the merits of integrating water treatment and desalination plants, where a detailed model is proposed to capture their dynamic operation for producing variable amounts of freshwater and providing energy flexibility. Simulations, conducted on the 33-bus test distribution system and a 15-node test water distribution system, show that the FlexPWF model effectively coordinates the operation, reduces the operating costs and improves the operational metrics of both power and water systems.